netbox/netbox/dcim/models/devices.py

from collections import OrderedDict

import yaml
from django.conf import settings
from django.contrib.contenttypes.fields import GenericForeignKey, GenericRelation
from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist, ValidationError
from django.core.validators import MaxValueValidator, MinValueValidator
from django.db import models
from django.db.models import F, ProtectedError
from django.urls import reverse
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
from taggit.managers import TaggableManager

from dcim.choices import *
from dcim.constants import *
from extras.models import ChangeLoggedModel, ConfigContextModel, CustomFieldModel, TaggedItem
from extras.querysets import ConfigContextModelQuerySet
from extras.utils import extras_features
from utilities.choices import ColorChoices
from utilities.fields import ColorField, NaturalOrderingField
from utilities.querysets import RestrictedQuerySet
from utilities.utils import to_meters
from .device_components import *


__all__ = (
    'Cable',
    'Device',
    'DeviceRole',
    'DeviceType',
    'Manufacturer',
    'Platform',
    'VirtualChassis',
)


#
# Device Types
#

@extras_features('export_templates', 'webhooks')
class Manufacturer(ChangeLoggedModel):
    """
    A Manufacturer represents a company which produces hardware devices; for example, Juniper or Dell.
    """
    name = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        unique=True
    )
    slug = models.SlugField(
        unique=True
    )
    description = models.CharField(
        max_length=200,
        blank=True
    )

    objects = RestrictedQuerySet.as_manager()

    csv_headers = ['name', 'slug', 'description']

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['name']

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return "{}?manufacturer={}".format(reverse('dcim:devicetype_list'), self.slug)

    def to_csv(self):
        return (
            self.name,
            self.slug,
            self.description
        )


@extras_features('custom_fields', 'custom_links', 'export_templates', 'webhooks')
class DeviceType(ChangeLoggedModel, CustomFieldModel):
    """
    A DeviceType represents a particular make (Manufacturer) and model of device. It specifies rack height and depth, as
    well as high-level functional role(s).

    Each DeviceType can have an arbitrary number of component templates assigned to it, which define console, power, and
    interface objects. For example, a Juniper EX4300-48T DeviceType would have:

      * 1 ConsolePortTemplate
      * 2 PowerPortTemplates
      * 48 InterfaceTemplates

    When a new Device of this type is created, the appropriate console, power, and interface objects (as defined by the
    DeviceType) are automatically created as well.
    """
    manufacturer = models.ForeignKey(
        to='dcim.Manufacturer',
        on_delete=models.PROTECT,
        related_name='device_types'
    )
    model = models.CharField(
        max_length=50
    )
    slug = models.SlugField()
    part_number = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        blank=True,
        help_text='Discrete part number (optional)'
    )
    u_height = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(
        default=1,
        verbose_name='Height (U)'
    )
    is_full_depth = models.BooleanField(
        default=True,
        verbose_name='Is full depth',
        help_text='Device consumes both front and rear rack faces'
    )
    subdevice_role = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        choices=SubdeviceRoleChoices,
        blank=True,
        verbose_name='Parent/child status',
        help_text='Parent devices house child devices in device bays. Leave blank '
                  'if this device type is neither a parent nor a child.'
    )
    front_image = models.ImageField(
        upload_to='devicetype-images',
        blank=True
    )
    rear_image = models.ImageField(
        upload_to='devicetype-images',
        blank=True
    )
    comments = models.TextField(
        blank=True
    )
    custom_field_values = GenericRelation(
        to='extras.CustomFieldValue',
        content_type_field='obj_type',
        object_id_field='obj_id'
    )
    tags = TaggableManager(through=TaggedItem)

    objects = RestrictedQuerySet.as_manager()

    clone_fields = [
        'manufacturer', 'u_height', 'is_full_depth', 'subdevice_role',
    ]

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['manufacturer', 'model']
        unique_together = [
            ['manufacturer', 'model'],
            ['manufacturer', 'slug'],
        ]

    def __str__(self):
        return self.model

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        # Save a copy of u_height for validation in clean()
        self._original_u_height = self.u_height

        # Save references to the original front/rear images
        self._original_front_image = self.front_image
        self._original_rear_image = self.rear_image

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return reverse('dcim:devicetype', args=[self.pk])

    def to_yaml(self):
        data = OrderedDict((
            ('manufacturer', self.manufacturer.name),
            ('model', self.model),
            ('slug', self.slug),
            ('part_number', self.part_number),
            ('u_height', self.u_height),
            ('is_full_depth', self.is_full_depth),
            ('subdevice_role', self.subdevice_role),
            ('comments', self.comments),
        ))

        # Component templates
        if self.consoleporttemplates.exists():
            data['console-ports'] = [
                {
                    'name': c.name,
                    'type': c.type,
                }
                for c in self.consoleporttemplates.all()
            ]
        if self.consoleserverporttemplates.exists():
            data['console-server-ports'] = [
                {
                    'name': c.name,
                    'type': c.type,
                }
                for c in self.consoleserverporttemplates.all()
            ]
        if self.powerporttemplates.exists():
            data['power-ports'] = [
                {
                    'name': c.name,
                    'type': c.type,
                    'maximum_draw': c.maximum_draw,
                    'allocated_draw': c.allocated_draw,
                }
                for c in self.powerporttemplates.all()
            ]
        if self.poweroutlettemplates.exists():
            data['power-outlets'] = [
                {
                    'name': c.name,
                    'type': c.type,
                    'power_port': c.power_port.name if c.power_port else None,
                    'feed_leg': c.feed_leg,
                }
                for c in self.poweroutlettemplates.all()
            ]
        if self.interfacetemplates.exists():
            data['interfaces'] = [
                {
                    'name': c.name,
                    'type': c.type,
                    'mgmt_only': c.mgmt_only,
                }
                for c in self.interfacetemplates.all()
            ]
        if self.frontporttemplates.exists():
            data['front-ports'] = [
                {
                    'name': c.name,
                    'type': c.type,
                    'rear_port': c.rear_port.name,
                    'rear_port_position': c.rear_port_position,
                }
                for c in self.frontporttemplates.all()
            ]
        if self.rearporttemplates.exists():
            data['rear-ports'] = [
                {
                    'name': c.name,
                    'type': c.type,
                    'positions': c.positions,
                }
                for c in self.rearporttemplates.all()
            ]
        if self.devicebaytemplates.exists():
            data['device-bays'] = [
                {
                    'name': c.name,
                }
                for c in self.devicebaytemplates.all()
            ]

        return yaml.dump(dict(data), sort_keys=False)

    def clean(self):

        # If editing an existing DeviceType to have a larger u_height, first validate that *all* instances of it have
        # room to expand within their racks. This validation will impose a very high performance penalty when there are
        # many instances to check, but increasing the u_height of a DeviceType should be a very rare occurrence.
        if self.pk and self.u_height > self._original_u_height:
            for d in Device.objects.filter(device_type=self, position__isnull=False):
                face_required = None if self.is_full_depth else d.face
                u_available = d.rack.get_available_units(
                    u_height=self.u_height,
                    rack_face=face_required,
                    exclude=[d.pk]
                )
                if d.position not in u_available:
                    raise ValidationError({
                        'u_height': "Device {} in rack {} does not have sufficient space to accommodate a height of "
                                    "{}U".format(d, d.rack, self.u_height)
                    })

        # If modifying the height of an existing DeviceType to 0U, check for any instances assigned to a rack position.
        elif self.pk and self._original_u_height > 0 and self.u_height == 0:
            racked_instance_count = Device.objects.filter(
                device_type=self,
                position__isnull=False
            ).count()
            if racked_instance_count:
                url = f"{reverse('dcim:device_list')}?manufactuer_id={self.manufacturer_id}&device_type_id={self.pk}"
                raise ValidationError({
                    'u_height': mark_safe(
                        f'Unable to set 0U height: Found <a href="{url}">{racked_instance_count} instances</a> already '
                        f'mounted within racks.'
                    )
                })

        if (
                self.subdevice_role != SubdeviceRoleChoices.ROLE_PARENT
        ) and self.devicebaytemplates.count():
            raise ValidationError({
                'subdevice_role': "Must delete all device bay templates associated with this device before "
                                  "declassifying it as a parent device."
            })

        if self.u_height and self.subdevice_role == SubdeviceRoleChoices.ROLE_CHILD:
            raise ValidationError({
                'u_height': "Child device types must be 0U."
            })

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        ret = super().save(*args, **kwargs)

        # Delete any previously uploaded image files that are no longer in use
        if self.front_image != self._original_front_image:
            self._original_front_image.delete(save=False)
        if self.rear_image != self._original_rear_image:
            self._original_rear_image.delete(save=False)

        return ret

    def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().delete(*args, **kwargs)

        # Delete any uploaded image files
        if self.front_image:
            self.front_image.delete(save=False)
        if self.rear_image:
            self.rear_image.delete(save=False)

    @property
    def display_name(self):
        return f'{self.manufacturer.name} {self.model}'

    @property
    def is_parent_device(self):
        return self.subdevice_role == SubdeviceRoleChoices.ROLE_PARENT

    @property
    def is_child_device(self):
        return self.subdevice_role == SubdeviceRoleChoices.ROLE_CHILD


#
# Devices
#

class DeviceRole(ChangeLoggedModel):
    """
    Devices are organized by functional role; for example, "Core Switch" or "File Server". Each DeviceRole is assigned a
    color to be used when displaying rack elevations. The vm_role field determines whether the role is applicable to
    virtual machines as well.
    """
    name = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        unique=True
    )
    slug = models.SlugField(
        unique=True
    )
    color = ColorField(
        default=ColorChoices.COLOR_GREY
    )
    vm_role = models.BooleanField(
        default=True,
        verbose_name='VM Role',
        help_text='Virtual machines may be assigned to this role'
    )
    description = models.CharField(
        max_length=200,
        blank=True,
    )

    objects = RestrictedQuerySet.as_manager()

    csv_headers = ['name', 'slug', 'color', 'vm_role', 'description']

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['name']

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    def to_csv(self):
        return (
            self.name,
            self.slug,
            self.color,
            self.vm_role,
            self.description,
        )


class Platform(ChangeLoggedModel):
    """
    Platform refers to the software or firmware running on a Device. For example, "Cisco IOS-XR" or "Juniper Junos".
    NetBox uses Platforms to determine how to interact with devices when pulling inventory data or other information by
    specifying a NAPALM driver.
    """
    name = models.CharField(
        max_length=100,
        unique=True
    )
    slug = models.SlugField(
        unique=True,
        max_length=100
    )
    manufacturer = models.ForeignKey(
        to='dcim.Manufacturer',
        on_delete=models.PROTECT,
        related_name='platforms',
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        help_text='Optionally limit this platform to devices of a certain manufacturer'
    )
    napalm_driver = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        blank=True,
        verbose_name='NAPALM driver',
        help_text='The name of the NAPALM driver to use when interacting with devices'
    )
    napalm_args = models.JSONField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        verbose_name='NAPALM arguments',
        help_text='Additional arguments to pass when initiating the NAPALM driver (JSON format)'
    )
    description = models.CharField(
        max_length=200,
        blank=True
    )

    objects = RestrictedQuerySet.as_manager()

    csv_headers = ['name', 'slug', 'manufacturer', 'napalm_driver', 'napalm_args', 'description']

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['name']

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return "{}?platform={}".format(reverse('dcim:device_list'), self.slug)

    def to_csv(self):
        return (
            self.name,
            self.slug,
            self.manufacturer.name if self.manufacturer else None,
            self.napalm_driver,
            self.napalm_args,
            self.description,
        )


@extras_features('custom_fields', 'custom_links', 'graphs', 'export_templates', 'webhooks')
class Device(ChangeLoggedModel, ConfigContextModel, CustomFieldModel):
    """
    A Device represents a piece of physical hardware mounted within a Rack. Each Device is assigned a DeviceType,
    DeviceRole, and (optionally) a Platform. Device names are not required, however if one is set it must be unique.

    Each Device must be assigned to a site, and optionally to a rack within that site. Associating a device with a
    particular rack face or unit is optional (for example, vertically mounted PDUs do not consume rack units).

    When a new Device is created, console/power/interface/device bay components are created along with it as dictated
    by the component templates assigned to its DeviceType. Components can also be added, modified, or deleted after the
    creation of a Device.
    """
    device_type = models.ForeignKey(
        to='dcim.DeviceType',
        on_delete=models.PROTECT,
        related_name='instances'
    )
    device_role = models.ForeignKey(
        to='dcim.DeviceRole',
        on_delete=models.PROTECT,
        related_name='devices'
    )
    tenant = models.ForeignKey(
        to='tenancy.Tenant',
        on_delete=models.PROTECT,
        related_name='devices',
        blank=True,
        null=True
    )
    platform = models.ForeignKey(
        to='dcim.Platform',
        on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
        related_name='devices',
        blank=True,
        null=True
    )
    name = models.CharField(
        max_length=64,
        blank=True,
        null=True
    )
    _name = NaturalOrderingField(
        target_field='name',
        max_length=100,
        blank=True,
        null=True
    )
    serial = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        blank=True,
        verbose_name='Serial number'
    )
    asset_tag = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        unique=True,
        verbose_name='Asset tag',
        help_text='A unique tag used to identify this device'
    )
    site = models.ForeignKey(
        to='dcim.Site',
        on_delete=models.PROTECT,
        related_name='devices'
    )
    rack = models.ForeignKey(
        to='dcim.Rack',
        on_delete=models.PROTECT,
        related_name='devices',
        blank=True,
        null=True
    )
    position = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        validators=[MinValueValidator(1)],
        verbose_name='Position (U)',
        help_text='The lowest-numbered unit occupied by the device'
    )
    face = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        blank=True,
        choices=DeviceFaceChoices,
        verbose_name='Rack face'
    )
    status = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        choices=DeviceStatusChoices,
        default=DeviceStatusChoices.STATUS_ACTIVE
    )
    primary_ip4 = models.OneToOneField(
        to='ipam.IPAddress',
        on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
        related_name='primary_ip4_for',
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        verbose_name='Primary IPv4'
    )
    primary_ip6 = models.OneToOneField(
        to='ipam.IPAddress',
        on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
        related_name='primary_ip6_for',
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        verbose_name='Primary IPv6'
    )
    cluster = models.ForeignKey(
        to='virtualization.Cluster',
        on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
        related_name='devices',
        blank=True,
        null=True
    )
    virtual_chassis = models.ForeignKey(
        to='VirtualChassis',
        on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
        related_name='members',
        blank=True,
        null=True
    )
    vc_position = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        validators=[MaxValueValidator(255)]
    )
    vc_priority = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        validators=[MaxValueValidator(255)]
    )
    comments = models.TextField(
        blank=True
    )
    custom_field_values = GenericRelation(
        to='extras.CustomFieldValue',
        content_type_field='obj_type',
        object_id_field='obj_id'
    )
    images = GenericRelation(
        to='extras.ImageAttachment'
    )
    tags = TaggableManager(through=TaggedItem)

    objects = ConfigContextModelQuerySet.as_manager()

    csv_headers = [
        'name', 'device_role', 'tenant', 'manufacturer', 'device_type', 'platform', 'serial', 'asset_tag', 'status',
        'site', 'rack_group', 'rack_name', 'position', 'face', 'comments',
    ]
    clone_fields = [
        'device_type', 'device_role', 'tenant', 'platform', 'site', 'rack', 'status', 'cluster',
    ]

    STATUS_CLASS_MAP = {
        DeviceStatusChoices.STATUS_OFFLINE: 'warning',
        DeviceStatusChoices.STATUS_ACTIVE: 'success',
        DeviceStatusChoices.STATUS_PLANNED: 'info',
        DeviceStatusChoices.STATUS_STAGED: 'primary',
        DeviceStatusChoices.STATUS_FAILED: 'danger',
        DeviceStatusChoices.STATUS_INVENTORY: 'default',
        DeviceStatusChoices.STATUS_DECOMMISSIONING: 'warning',
    }

    class Meta:
        ordering = ('_name', 'pk')  # Name may be null
        unique_together = (
            ('site', 'tenant', 'name'),  # See validate_unique below
            ('rack', 'position', 'face'),
            ('virtual_chassis', 'vc_position'),
        )

    def __str__(self):
        return self.display_name or super().__str__()

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return reverse('dcim:device', args=[self.pk])

    def validate_unique(self, exclude=None):

        # Check for a duplicate name on a device assigned to the same Site and no Tenant. This is necessary
        # because Django does not consider two NULL fields to be equal, and thus will not trigger a violation
        # of the uniqueness constraint without manual intervention.
        if self.name and hasattr(self, 'site') and self.tenant is None:
            if Device.objects.exclude(pk=self.pk).filter(
                    name=self.name,
                    site=self.site,
                    tenant__isnull=True
            ):
                raise ValidationError({
                    'name': 'A device with this name already exists.'
                })

        super().validate_unique(exclude)

    def clean(self):

        super().clean()

        # Validate site/rack combination
        if self.rack and self.site != self.rack.site:
            raise ValidationError({
                'rack': "Rack {} does not belong to site {}.".format(self.rack, self.site),
            })

        if self.rack is None:
            if self.face:
                raise ValidationError({
                    'face': "Cannot select a rack face without assigning a rack.",
                })
            if self.position:
                raise ValidationError({
                    'face': "Cannot select a rack position without assigning a rack.",
                })

        # Validate position/face combination
        if self.position and not self.face:
            raise ValidationError({
                'face': "Must specify rack face when defining rack position.",
            })

        # Prevent 0U devices from being assigned to a specific position
        if self.position and self.device_type.u_height == 0:
            raise ValidationError({
                'position': "A U0 device type ({}) cannot be assigned to a rack position.".format(self.device_type)
            })

        if self.rack:

            try:
                # Child devices cannot be assigned to a rack face/unit
                if self.device_type.is_child_device and self.face:
                    raise ValidationError({
                        'face': "Child device types cannot be assigned to a rack face. This is an attribute of the "
                                "parent device."
                    })
                if self.device_type.is_child_device and self.position:
                    raise ValidationError({
                        'position': "Child device types cannot be assigned to a rack position. This is an attribute of "
                                    "the parent device."
                    })

                # Validate rack space
                rack_face = self.face if not self.device_type.is_full_depth else None
                exclude_list = [self.pk] if self.pk else []
                available_units = self.rack.get_available_units(
                    u_height=self.device_type.u_height, rack_face=rack_face, exclude=exclude_list
                )
                if self.position and self.position not in available_units:
                    raise ValidationError({
                        'position': "U{} is already occupied or does not have sufficient space to accommodate a(n) "
                                    "{} ({}U).".format(self.position, self.device_type, self.device_type.u_height)
                    })

            except DeviceType.DoesNotExist:
                pass

        # Validate primary IP addresses
        vc_interfaces = self.vc_interfaces.all()
        if self.primary_ip4:
            if self.primary_ip4.family != 4:
                raise ValidationError({
                    'primary_ip4': f"{self.primary_ip4} is not an IPv4 address."
                })
            if self.primary_ip4.assigned_object in vc_interfaces:
                pass
            elif self.primary_ip4.nat_inside is not None and self.primary_ip4.nat_inside.assigned_object in vc_interfaces:
                pass
            else:
                raise ValidationError({
                    'primary_ip4': f"The specified IP address ({self.primary_ip4}) is not assigned to this device."
                })
        if self.primary_ip6:
            if self.primary_ip6.family != 6:
                raise ValidationError({
                    'primary_ip6': f"{self.primary_ip6} is not an IPv6 address."
                })
            if self.primary_ip6.assigned_object in vc_interfaces:
                pass
            elif self.primary_ip6.nat_inside is not None and self.primary_ip6.nat_inside.assigned_object in vc_interfaces:
                pass
            else:
                raise ValidationError({
                    'primary_ip6': f"The specified IP address ({self.primary_ip6}) is not assigned to this device."
                })

        # Validate manufacturer/platform
        if hasattr(self, 'device_type') and self.platform:
            if self.platform.manufacturer and self.platform.manufacturer != self.device_type.manufacturer:
                raise ValidationError({
                    'platform': "The assigned platform is limited to {} device types, but this device's type belongs "
                                "to {}.".format(self.platform.manufacturer, self.device_type.manufacturer)
                })

        # A Device can only be assigned to a Cluster in the same Site (or no Site)
        if self.cluster and self.cluster.site is not None and self.cluster.site != self.site:
            raise ValidationError({
                'cluster': "The assigned cluster belongs to a different site ({})".format(self.cluster.site)
            })

        # Validate virtual chassis assignment
        if self.virtual_chassis and self.vc_position is None:
            raise ValidationError({
                'vc_position': "A device assigned to a virtual chassis must have its position defined."
            })

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):

        is_new = not bool(self.pk)

        super().save(*args, **kwargs)

        # If this is a new Device, instantiate all of the related components per the DeviceType definition
        if is_new:
            ConsolePort.objects.bulk_create(
                [x.instantiate(self) for x in self.device_type.consoleporttemplates.all()]
            )
            ConsoleServerPort.objects.bulk_create(
                [x.instantiate(self) for x in self.device_type.consoleserverporttemplates.all()]
            )
            PowerPort.objects.bulk_create(
                [x.instantiate(self) for x in self.device_type.powerporttemplates.all()]
            )
            PowerOutlet.objects.bulk_create(
                [x.instantiate(self) for x in self.device_type.poweroutlettemplates.all()]
            )
            Interface.objects.bulk_create(
                [x.instantiate(self) for x in self.device_type.interfacetemplates.all()]
            )
            RearPort.objects.bulk_create(
                [x.instantiate(self) for x in self.device_type.rearporttemplates.all()]
            )
            FrontPort.objects.bulk_create(
                [x.instantiate(self) for x in self.device_type.frontporttemplates.all()]
            )
            DeviceBay.objects.bulk_create(
                [x.instantiate(self) for x in self.device_type.devicebaytemplates.all()]
            )

        # Update Site and Rack assignment for any child Devices
        devices = Device.objects.filter(parent_bay__device=self)
        for device in devices:
            device.site = self.site
            device.rack = self.rack
            device.save()

    def to_csv(self):
        return (
            self.name or '',
            self.device_role.name,
            self.tenant.name if self.tenant else None,
            self.device_type.manufacturer.name,
            self.device_type.model,
            self.platform.name if self.platform else None,
            self.serial,
            self.asset_tag,
            self.get_status_display(),
            self.site.name,
            self.rack.group.name if self.rack and self.rack.group else None,
            self.rack.name if self.rack else None,
            self.position,
            self.get_face_display(),
            self.comments,
        )

    @property
    def display_name(self):
        if self.name:
            return self.name
        elif self.virtual_chassis:
            return f'{self.virtual_chassis.name}:{self.vc_position} ({self.pk})'
        elif self.device_type:
            return f'{self.device_type.manufacturer} {self.device_type.model} ({self.pk})'
        else:
            return ''  # Device has not yet been created

    @property
    def identifier(self):
        """
        Return the device name if set; otherwise return the Device's primary key as {pk}
        """
        if self.name is not None:
            return self.name
        return '{{{}}}'.format(self.pk)

    @property
    def primary_ip(self):
        if settings.PREFER_IPV4 and self.primary_ip4:
            return self.primary_ip4
        elif self.primary_ip6:
            return self.primary_ip6
        elif self.primary_ip4:
            return self.primary_ip4
        else:
            return None

    def get_vc_master(self):
        """
        If this Device is a VirtualChassis member, return the VC master. Otherwise, return None.
        """
        return self.virtual_chassis.master if self.virtual_chassis else None

    @property
    def vc_interfaces(self):
        """
        Return a QuerySet matching all Interfaces assigned to this Device or, if this Device is a VC master, to another
        Device belonging to the same VirtualChassis.
        """
        filter = Q(device=self)
        if self.virtual_chassis and self.virtual_chassis.master == self:
            filter |= Q(device__virtual_chassis=self.virtual_chassis, mgmt_only=False)
        return Interface.objects.filter(filter)

    def get_cables(self, pk_list=False):
        """
        Return a QuerySet or PK list matching all Cables connected to a component of this Device.
        """
        cable_pks = []
        for component_model in [
            ConsolePort, ConsoleServerPort, PowerPort, PowerOutlet, Interface, FrontPort, RearPort
        ]:
            cable_pks += component_model.objects.filter(
                device=self, cable__isnull=False
            ).values_list('cable', flat=True)
        if pk_list:
            return cable_pks
        return Cable.objects.filter(pk__in=cable_pks)

    def get_children(self):
        """
        Return the set of child Devices installed in DeviceBays within this Device.
        """
        return Device.objects.filter(parent_bay__device=self.pk)

    def get_status_class(self):
        return self.STATUS_CLASS_MAP.get(self.status)


#
# Cables
#

@extras_features('custom_links', 'export_templates', 'webhooks')
class Cable(ChangeLoggedModel):
    """
    A physical connection between two endpoints.
    """
    termination_a_type = models.ForeignKey(
        to=ContentType,
        limit_choices_to=CABLE_TERMINATION_MODELS,
        on_delete=models.PROTECT,
        related_name='+'
    )
    termination_a_id = models.PositiveIntegerField()
    termination_a = GenericForeignKey(
        ct_field='termination_a_type',
        fk_field='termination_a_id'
    )
    termination_b_type = models.ForeignKey(
        to=ContentType,
        limit_choices_to=CABLE_TERMINATION_MODELS,
        on_delete=models.PROTECT,
        related_name='+'
    )
    termination_b_id = models.PositiveIntegerField()
    termination_b = GenericForeignKey(
        ct_field='termination_b_type',
        fk_field='termination_b_id'
    )
    type = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        choices=CableTypeChoices,
        blank=True
    )
    status = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        choices=CableStatusChoices,
        default=CableStatusChoices.STATUS_CONNECTED
    )
    label = models.CharField(
        max_length=100,
        blank=True
    )
    color = ColorField(
        blank=True
    )
    length = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(
        blank=True,
        null=True
    )
    length_unit = models.CharField(
        max_length=50,
        choices=CableLengthUnitChoices,
        blank=True,
    )
    # Stores the normalized length (in meters) for database ordering
    _abs_length = models.DecimalField(
        max_digits=10,
        decimal_places=4,
        blank=True,
        null=True
    )
    # Cache the associated device (where applicable) for the A and B terminations. This enables filtering of Cables by
    # their associated Devices.
    _termination_a_device = models.ForeignKey(
        to=Device,
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        related_name='+',
        blank=True,
        null=True
    )
    _termination_b_device = models.ForeignKey(
        to=Device,
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        related_name='+',
        blank=True,
        null=True
    )
    tags = TaggableManager(through=TaggedItem)

    objects = RestrictedQuerySet.as_manager()

    csv_headers = [
        'termination_a_type', 'termination_a_id', 'termination_b_type', 'termination_b_id', 'type', 'status', 'label',
        'color', 'length', 'length_unit',
    ]

    STATUS_CLASS_MAP = {
        CableStatusChoices.STATUS_CONNECTED: 'success',
        CableStatusChoices.STATUS_PLANNED: 'info',
        CableStatusChoices.STATUS_DECOMMISSIONING: 'warning',
    }

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['pk']
        unique_together = (
            ('termination_a_type', 'termination_a_id'),
            ('termination_b_type', 'termination_b_id'),
        )

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        # A copy of the PK to be used by __str__ in case the object is deleted
        self._pk = self.pk

    @classmethod
    def from_db(cls, db, field_names, values):
        """
        Cache the original A and B terminations of existing Cable instances for later reference inside clean().
        """
        instance = super().from_db(db, field_names, values)

        instance._orig_termination_a_type_id = instance.termination_a_type_id
        instance._orig_termination_a_id = instance.termination_a_id
        instance._orig_termination_b_type_id = instance.termination_b_type_id
        instance._orig_termination_b_id = instance.termination_b_id

        return instance

    def __str__(self):
        return self.label or '#{}'.format(self._pk)

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return reverse('dcim:cable', args=[self.pk])

    def clean(self):
        from circuits.models import CircuitTermination

        # Validate that termination A exists
        if not hasattr(self, 'termination_a_type'):
            raise ValidationError('Termination A type has not been specified')
        try:
            self.termination_a_type.model_class().objects.get(pk=self.termination_a_id)
        except ObjectDoesNotExist:
            raise ValidationError({
                'termination_a': 'Invalid ID for type {}'.format(self.termination_a_type)
            })

        # Validate that termination B exists
        if not hasattr(self, 'termination_b_type'):
            raise ValidationError('Termination B type has not been specified')
        try:
            self.termination_b_type.model_class().objects.get(pk=self.termination_b_id)
        except ObjectDoesNotExist:
            raise ValidationError({
                'termination_b': 'Invalid ID for type {}'.format(self.termination_b_type)
            })

        # If editing an existing Cable instance, check that neither termination has been modified.
        if self.pk:
            err_msg = 'Cable termination points may not be modified. Delete and recreate the cable instead.'
            if (
                self.termination_a_type_id != self._orig_termination_a_type_id or
                self.termination_a_id != self._orig_termination_a_id
            ):
                raise ValidationError({
                    'termination_a': err_msg
                })
            if (
                self.termination_b_type_id != self._orig_termination_b_type_id or
                self.termination_b_id != self._orig_termination_b_id
            ):
                raise ValidationError({
                    'termination_b': err_msg
                })

        type_a = self.termination_a_type.model
        type_b = self.termination_b_type.model

        # Validate interface types
        if type_a == 'interface' and self.termination_a.type in NONCONNECTABLE_IFACE_TYPES:
            raise ValidationError({
                'termination_a_id': 'Cables cannot be terminated to {} interfaces'.format(
                    self.termination_a.get_type_display()
                )
            })
        if type_b == 'interface' and self.termination_b.type in NONCONNECTABLE_IFACE_TYPES:
            raise ValidationError({
                'termination_b_id': 'Cables cannot be terminated to {} interfaces'.format(
                    self.termination_b.get_type_display()
                )
            })

        # Check that termination types are compatible
        if type_b not in COMPATIBLE_TERMINATION_TYPES.get(type_a):
            raise ValidationError(
                f"Incompatible termination types: {self.termination_a_type} and {self.termination_b_type}"
            )

        # Check that a RearPort with multiple positions isn't connected to an endpoint
        # or a RearPort with a different number of positions.
        for term_a, term_b in [
            (self.termination_a, self.termination_b),
            (self.termination_b, self.termination_a)
        ]:
            if isinstance(term_a, RearPort) and term_a.positions > 1:
                if not isinstance(term_b, (FrontPort, RearPort, CircuitTermination)):
                    raise ValidationError(
                        "Rear ports with multiple positions may only be connected to other pass-through ports"
                    )
                if isinstance(term_b, RearPort) and term_b.positions > 1 and term_a.positions != term_b.positions:
                    raise ValidationError(
                        f"{term_a} of {term_a.device} has {term_a.positions} position(s) but "
                        f"{term_b} of {term_b.device} has {term_b.positions}. "
                        f"Both terminations must have the same number of positions."
                    )

        # A termination point cannot be connected to itself
        if self.termination_a == self.termination_b:
            raise ValidationError(f"Cannot connect {self.termination_a_type} to itself")

        # A front port cannot be connected to its corresponding rear port
        if (
            type_a in ['frontport', 'rearport'] and
            type_b in ['frontport', 'rearport'] and
            (
                getattr(self.termination_a, 'rear_port', None) == self.termination_b or
                getattr(self.termination_b, 'rear_port', None) == self.termination_a
            )
        ):
            raise ValidationError("A front port cannot be connected to it corresponding rear port")

        # Check for an existing Cable connected to either termination object
        if self.termination_a.cable not in (None, self):
            raise ValidationError("{} already has a cable attached (#{})".format(
                self.termination_a, self.termination_a.cable_id
            ))
        if self.termination_b.cable not in (None, self):
            raise ValidationError("{} already has a cable attached (#{})".format(
                self.termination_b, self.termination_b.cable_id
            ))

        # Validate length and length_unit
        if self.length is not None and not self.length_unit:
            raise ValidationError("Must specify a unit when setting a cable length")
        elif self.length is None:
            self.length_unit = ''

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):

        # Store the given length (if any) in meters for use in database ordering
        if self.length and self.length_unit:
            self._abs_length = to_meters(self.length, self.length_unit)
        else:
            self._abs_length = None

        # Store the parent Device for the A and B terminations (if applicable) to enable filtering
        if hasattr(self.termination_a, 'device'):
            self._termination_a_device = self.termination_a.device
        if hasattr(self.termination_b, 'device'):
            self._termination_b_device = self.termination_b.device

        super().save(*args, **kwargs)

        # Update the private pk used in __str__ in case this is a new object (i.e. just got its pk)
        self._pk = self.pk

    def to_csv(self):
        return (
            '{}.{}'.format(self.termination_a_type.app_label, self.termination_a_type.model),
            self.termination_a_id,
            '{}.{}'.format(self.termination_b_type.app_label, self.termination_b_type.model),
            self.termination_b_id,
            self.get_type_display(),
            self.get_status_display(),
            self.label,
            self.color,
            self.length,
            self.length_unit,
        )

    def get_status_class(self):
        return self.STATUS_CLASS_MAP.get(self.status)

    def get_compatible_types(self):
        """
        Return all termination types compatible with termination A.
        """
        if self.termination_a is None:
            return
        return COMPATIBLE_TERMINATION_TYPES[self.termination_a._meta.model_name]


#
# Virtual chassis
#

@extras_features('custom_links', 'export_templates', 'webhooks')
class VirtualChassis(ChangeLoggedModel):
    """
    A collection of Devices which operate with a shared control plane (e.g. a switch stack).
    """
    master = models.OneToOneField(
        to='Device',
        on_delete=models.PROTECT,
        related_name='vc_master_for',
        blank=True,
        null=True
    )
    name = models.CharField(
        max_length=64
    )
    domain = models.CharField(
        max_length=30,
        blank=True
    )
    tags = TaggableManager(through=TaggedItem)

    objects = RestrictedQuerySet.as_manager()

    csv_headers = ['name', 'domain', 'master']

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['name']
        verbose_name_plural = 'virtual chassis'

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return reverse('dcim:virtualchassis', kwargs={'pk': self.pk})

    def clean(self):

        # Verify that the selected master device has been assigned to this VirtualChassis. (Skip when creating a new
        # VirtualChassis.)
        if self.pk and self.master and self.master not in self.members.all():
            raise ValidationError({
                'master': f"The selected master ({self.master}) is not assigned to this virtual chassis."
            })

    def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):

        # Check for LAG interfaces split across member chassis
        interfaces = Interface.objects.filter(
            device__in=self.members.all(),
            lag__isnull=False
        ).exclude(
            lag__device=F('device')
        )
        if interfaces:
            raise ProtectedError(
                f"Unable to delete virtual chassis {self}. There are member interfaces which form a cross-chassis LAG",
                interfaces
            )

        return super().delete(*args, **kwargs)

    def to_csv(self):
        return (
            self.name,
            self.domain,
            self.master.name if self.master else None,
        )