import json
from collections import defaultdict

from django import forms
from django.apps import apps
from django.contrib.auth import password_validation
from django.contrib.postgres.forms import SimpleArrayField
from django.core.exceptions import FieldError
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _

from core.models import ObjectType
from ipam.formfields import IPNetworkFormField
from ipam.validators import prefix_validator
from netbox.config import get_config
from netbox.preferences import PREFERENCES
from netbox.registry import registry
from users.choices import TokenVersionChoices
from users.constants import *
from users.models import *
from users.utils import user_may_grant_token
from utilities.choices import Choice
from utilities.data import flatten_dict
from utilities.forms.fields import (
    ContentTypeMultipleChoiceField,
    DynamicModelChoiceField,
    DynamicModelMultipleChoiceField,
    JSONField,
)
from utilities.forms.rendering import FieldSet
from utilities.forms.widgets import DateTimePicker, SplitMultiSelectWidget
from utilities.permissions import qs_filter_from_constraints
from utilities.string import title

__all__ = (
    'GroupForm',
    'ObjectPermissionForm',
    'OwnerForm',
    'OwnerGroupForm',
    'TokenForm',
    'UserConfigForm',
    'UserForm',
    'UserTokenForm',
)


class UserConfigFormMetaclass(forms.models.ModelFormMetaclass):

    def __new__(mcs, name, bases, attrs):

        # Emulate a declared field for each supported user preference
        preference_fields = {}
        for field_name, preference in PREFERENCES.items():
            help_text = f'<code>{field_name}</code>'
            if preference.description:
                help_text = f'{preference.description}<br />{help_text}'
            if warning := preference.warning:
                help_text = f'<span class="text-danger"><i class="mdi mdi-alert"></i> {warning}</span><br />{help_text}'
            field_kwargs = {
                'label': preference.label,
                'choices': preference.choices,
                'help_text': mark_safe(help_text),
                'coerce': preference.coerce,
                'required': False,
                'widget': forms.Select,
            }
            preference_fields[field_name] = forms.TypedChoiceField(**field_kwargs)
        attrs.update(preference_fields)

        return super().__new__(mcs, name, bases, attrs)


class UserConfigForm(forms.ModelForm, metaclass=UserConfigFormMetaclass):
    fieldsets = (
        FieldSet(
            'locale.language', 'ui.copilot_enabled', 'pagination.per_page', 'pagination.placement',
            'ui.tables.striping', 'ui.measurement_system', name=_('User Interface')
        ),
        FieldSet('data_format', 'csv_delimiter', name=_('Miscellaneous')),
    )
    # List of clearable preferences
    pk = forms.MultipleChoiceField(
        choices=[],
        required=False
    )

    class Meta:
        model = UserConfig
        fields = ()

    def __init__(self, *args, instance=None, **kwargs):

        # Get initial data from UserConfig instance
        kwargs['initial'] = flatten_dict(instance.data)

        super().__init__(*args, instance=instance, **kwargs)

        # Compile clearable preference choices
        self.fields['pk'].choices = (
            (f'tables.{table_name}', '') for table_name in instance.data.get('tables', [])
        )

        # Disable Copilot preference if it has been disabled globally
        if not get_config().COPILOT_ENABLED:
            self.fields['ui.copilot_enabled'].disabled = True

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):

        # Set UserConfig data
        for pref_name, value in self.cleaned_data.items():
            if pref_name == 'pk':
                continue
            self.instance.set(pref_name, value, commit=False)

        # Clear selected preferences
        for preference in self.cleaned_data['pk']:
            self.instance.clear(preference)

        return super().save(*args, **kwargs)

    @property
    def plugin_fields(self):
        return [
            name for name in self.fields.keys() if name.startswith('plugins.')
        ]


class UserTokenForm(forms.ModelForm):
    allowed_ips = SimpleArrayField(
        base_field=IPNetworkFormField(validators=[prefix_validator]),
        required=False,
        label=_('Allowed IPs'),
        help_text=_(
            'Allowed IPv4/IPv6 networks from where the token can be used. Leave blank for no restrictions. '
            'Example: <code>10.1.1.0/24,192.168.10.16/32,2001:db8:1::/64</code>'
        ),
    )

    class Meta:
        model = Token
        fields = [
            'version', 'enabled', 'write_enabled', 'expires', 'description', 'allowed_ips',
        ]
        widgets = {
            'expires': DateTimePicker(),
        }

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        if self.instance.pk:
            # Disable the version & user fields for existing Tokens
            self.fields['version'].disabled = True
            self.fields['user'].disabled = True

        elif self.instance._state.adding:
            self.initial['version'] = TokenVersionChoices.V2

    def save(self, commit=True):
        creating = self.instance.pk is None
        instance = super().save(commit=commit)
        # On creation, stash the auto-generated plaintext on the session so that the detail view can render the
        # full HTTP authorization string exactly once. The plaintext is never persisted to the database; the
        # request is delivered to the form via the edit view's alter_object hook.
        if creating and instance._token and instance.pk is not None:
            request = getattr(instance, '_request', None)
            if request is not None:
                request.session[f'_token_plaintext_{instance.pk}'] = instance._token
        return instance


class TokenForm(UserTokenForm):
    user = forms.ModelChoiceField(
        queryset=User.objects.order_by('username'),
        label=_('User')
    )

    class Meta(UserTokenForm.Meta):
        fields = [
            'version', 'user', 'enabled', 'write_enabled', 'expires', 'description', 'allowed_ips',
        ]

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        # If not creating a new Token, disable the user field
        if self.instance and not self.instance._state.adding:
            self.fields['user'].disabled = True

    def clean(self):
        super().clean()

        # Creating a Token on behalf of another user requires the grant_token permission. This is enforced only on
        # creation; the user field is disabled when editing an existing Token.
        if self.instance._state.adding and (token_user := self.cleaned_data.get('user')):
            request = getattr(self.instance, '_request', None)
            if request is None:
                # Fail closed: we cannot verify that the acting user is authorized.
                raise forms.ValidationError(_("Unable to verify permission to create tokens."))
            if token_user != request.user and not user_may_grant_token(request.user, token_user):
                raise forms.ValidationError(
                    _("This user does not have permission to create tokens for other users.")
                )

        return self.cleaned_data


class UserForm(forms.ModelForm):
    password = forms.CharField(
        label=_('Password'),
        widget=forms.PasswordInput(),
        required=True,
    )
    confirm_password = forms.CharField(
        label=_('Confirm password'),
        widget=forms.PasswordInput(),
        required=True,
        help_text=_("Enter the same password as before, for verification."),
    )
    groups = DynamicModelMultipleChoiceField(
        label=_('Groups'),
        required=False,
        queryset=Group.objects.all()
    )
    object_permissions = DynamicModelMultipleChoiceField(
        required=False,
        label=_('Permissions'),
        queryset=ObjectPermission.objects.all()
    )

    fieldsets = (
        FieldSet('username', 'password', 'confirm_password', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', name=_('User')),
        FieldSet('groups', name=_('Groups')),
        FieldSet('is_active', 'is_superuser', name=_('Status')),
        FieldSet('object_permissions', name=_('Permissions')),
    )

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = [
            'username', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'groups', 'object_permissions',
            'is_active', 'is_superuser',
        ]

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        if self.instance.pk:
            # Password fields are optional for existing Users
            self.fields['password'].required = False
            self.fields['confirm_password'].required = False

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        instance = super().save(*args, **kwargs)

        # On edit, check if we have to save the password
        if self.cleaned_data.get('password'):
            instance.set_password(self.cleaned_data.get('password'))
            instance.save()

        return instance

    def clean(self):

        # Check that password confirmation matches if password is set
        if self.cleaned_data['password'] and self.cleaned_data['password'] != self.cleaned_data['confirm_password']:
            raise forms.ValidationError(_("Passwords do not match! Please check your input and try again."))

        # Enforce password validation rules (if configured)
        if self.cleaned_data['password']:
            password_validation.validate_password(self.cleaned_data['password'], self.instance)


class GroupForm(forms.ModelForm):
    users = DynamicModelMultipleChoiceField(
        label=_('Users'),
        required=False,
        queryset=User.objects.all()
    )
    object_permissions = DynamicModelMultipleChoiceField(
        required=False,
        label=_('Permissions'),
        queryset=ObjectPermission.objects.all()
    )

    fieldsets = (
        FieldSet('name', 'description'),
        FieldSet('users', name=_('Users')),
        FieldSet('object_permissions', name=_('Permissions')),
    )

    class Meta:
        model = Group
        fields = [
            'name', 'description', 'users', 'object_permissions',
        ]

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        # Populate assigned users and permissions
        if self.instance.pk:
            self.fields['users'].initial = self.instance.users.values_list('id', flat=True)

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        instance = super().save(*args, **kwargs)

        # Update assigned users
        instance.users.set(self.cleaned_data['users'])

        return instance


def get_object_types_choices():
    """
    Generate choices for object types grouped by app label using optgroups.
    Returns nested structure: [(app_label, [(id, model_name), ...]), ...]
    """
    app_label_map = {
        app_config.label: app_config.verbose_name
        for app_config in apps.get_app_configs()
    }
    choices_by_app = defaultdict(list)

    for ot in ObjectType.objects.filter(OBJECTPERMISSION_OBJECT_TYPES).order_by('app_label', 'model'):
        app_label = app_label_map.get(ot.app_label, ot.app_label)

        model_class = ot.model_class()
        model_name = model_class._meta.verbose_name if model_class else ot.model
        choices_by_app[app_label].append(Choice(ot.pk, title(model_name)))

    return list(choices_by_app.items())


class ObjectPermissionForm(forms.ModelForm):
    object_types = ContentTypeMultipleChoiceField(
        label=_('Object types'),
        queryset=ObjectType.objects.all(),
        widget=SplitMultiSelectWidget(
            choices=get_object_types_choices
        ),
        help_text=_('Select the types of objects to which the permission will apply.')
    )
    can_view = forms.BooleanField(
        required=False
    )
    can_add = forms.BooleanField(
        required=False
    )
    can_change = forms.BooleanField(
        required=False
    )
    can_delete = forms.BooleanField(
        required=False
    )
    actions = SimpleArrayField(
        label=_('Additional actions'),
        base_field=forms.CharField(),
        required=False,
        help_text=_('Additional actions for models which have not yet registered their own actions')
    )
    users = DynamicModelMultipleChoiceField(
        label=_('Users'),
        required=False,
        queryset=User.objects.all()
    )
    groups = DynamicModelMultipleChoiceField(
        label=_('Groups'),
        required=False,
        queryset=Group.objects.all()
    )
    constraints = JSONField(
        required=False,
        label=_('Constraints'),
        help_text=_(
            'JSON expression of a queryset filter that will return only permitted objects. Leave null '
            'to match all objects of this type. A list of multiple objects will result in a logical OR '
            'operation.'
        ),
    )

    fieldsets = (
        FieldSet('name', 'description', 'enabled'),
        FieldSet('object_types', name=_('Objects')),
        FieldSet(
            'can_view', 'can_add', 'can_change', 'can_delete', 'actions',
            name=_('Actions')
        ),
        FieldSet('groups', 'users', name=_('Assignment')),
        FieldSet('constraints', name=_('Constraints')),
    )

    class Meta:
        model = ObjectPermission
        fields = [
            'name', 'description', 'enabled', 'object_types', 'users', 'groups', 'constraints', 'actions',
        ]

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        # Build dynamic BooleanFields for registered actions (deduplicated, sorted by name)
        seen = {}
        for model_actions in registry['model_actions'].values():
            for action in model_actions:
                if action.name not in seen:
                    seen[action.name] = action
        registered_action_names = sorted(seen)

        action_field_names = []
        for action_name in registered_action_names:
            field_name = f'action_{action_name}'
            self.fields[field_name] = forms.BooleanField(
                required=False,
                label=action_name,
                help_text=seen[action_name].help_text,
            )
            action_field_names.append(field_name)

        # Rebuild the Actions fieldset to include dynamic fields
        if action_field_names:
            self.fieldsets = (
                FieldSet('name', 'description', 'enabled'),
                FieldSet('object_types', name=_('Objects')),
                FieldSet(
                    'can_view', 'can_add', 'can_change', 'can_delete',
                    *action_field_names,
                    'actions',
                    name=_('Actions')
                ),
                FieldSet('groups', 'users', name=_('Assignment')),
                FieldSet('constraints', name=_('Constraints')),
            )

        # Make the actions field optional since the form uses it only for non-CRUD actions
        self.fields['actions'].required = False

        # Prepare the appropriate fields when editing an existing ObjectPermission
        if self.instance.pk:
            # Populate assigned users and groups
            self.fields['groups'].initial = self.instance.groups.values_list('id', flat=True)
            self.fields['users'].initial = self.instance.users.values_list('id', flat=True)

            # Work with a copy to avoid mutating the instance
            remaining_actions = list(self.instance.actions)

            # Check the appropriate CRUD checkboxes
            for action in RESERVED_ACTIONS:
                if action in remaining_actions:
                    self.fields[f'can_{action}'].initial = True
                    remaining_actions.remove(action)

            # Pre-select registered action checkboxes
            for action_name in registered_action_names:
                if action_name in remaining_actions:
                    self.fields[f'action_{action_name}'].initial = True
                    remaining_actions.remove(action_name)

            # Remaining actions go to the additional actions field
            self.initial['actions'] = remaining_actions

        # Populate initial data for a new ObjectPermission
        elif self.initial:
            # Handle cloned objects - actions come from initial data (URL parameters)
            if 'actions' in self.initial:
                # Normalize actions to a list of strings
                if isinstance(self.initial['actions'], str):
                    self.initial['actions'] = [self.initial['actions']]
                if cloned_actions := self.initial['actions']:
                    for action in RESERVED_ACTIONS:
                        if action in cloned_actions:
                            self.fields[f'can_{action}'].initial = True
                            self.initial['actions'].remove(action)
                    # Pre-select registered action checkboxes from cloned data
                    for action_name in registered_action_names:
                        if action_name in cloned_actions:
                            self.fields[f'action_{action_name}'].initial = True
                            self.initial['actions'].remove(action_name)
            # Convert data delivered via initial data to JSON data
            if 'constraints' in self.initial:
                if type(self.initial['constraints']) is str:
                    self.initial['constraints'] = json.loads(self.initial['constraints'])

    def clean(self):
        super().clean()

        object_types = self.cleaned_data.get('object_types', [])
        constraints = self.cleaned_data.get('constraints')

        # Merge all actions: registered action checkboxes, CRUD checkboxes, and additional
        final_actions = []
        for key, value in self.cleaned_data.items():
            if key.startswith('action_') and value:
                action_name = key[7:]
                if action_name not in final_actions:
                    final_actions.append(action_name)

        for action in RESERVED_ACTIONS:
            if self.cleaned_data.get(f'can_{action}') and action not in final_actions:
                final_actions.append(action)

        if additional_actions := self.cleaned_data.get('actions'):
            for action in additional_actions:
                if action not in final_actions:
                    final_actions.append(action)

        self.cleaned_data['actions'] = final_actions

        # At least one action must be specified
        if not self.cleaned_data['actions']:
            raise forms.ValidationError(_("At least one action must be selected."))

        # Validate the specified model constraints by attempting to execute a query. We don't care whether the query
        # returns anything; we just want to make sure the specified constraints are valid.
        if object_types and constraints:
            # Normalize the constraints to a list of dicts
            if type(constraints) is not list:
                constraints = [constraints]
            for ct in object_types:
                model = ct.model_class()

                try:
                    tokens = {
                        CONSTRAINT_TOKEN_USER: 0,  # Replace token with a null user ID
                    }
                    model.objects.filter(qs_filter_from_constraints(constraints, tokens)).exists()
                except (FieldError, ValueError) as e:
                    raise forms.ValidationError({
                        'constraints': _('Invalid filter for {model}: {error}').format(model=model, error=e)
                    })

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        instance = super().save(*args, **kwargs)

        # Update assigned users and groups
        instance.users.set(self.cleaned_data['users'])
        instance.groups.set(self.cleaned_data['groups'])

        return instance


class OwnerGroupForm(forms.ModelForm):

    fieldsets = (
        FieldSet('name', 'description', name=_('Owner Group')),
    )

    class Meta:
        model = OwnerGroup
        fields = [
            'name', 'description',
        ]


class OwnerForm(forms.ModelForm):
    fieldsets = (
        FieldSet('name', 'group', 'description', name=_('Owner')),
        FieldSet('user_groups', name=_('Groups')),
        FieldSet('users', name=_('Users')),
    )
    group = DynamicModelChoiceField(
        label=_('Group'),
        queryset=OwnerGroup.objects.all(),
        required=False,
        selector=True,
        quick_add=True
    )
    user_groups = DynamicModelMultipleChoiceField(
        label=_('User groups'),
        queryset=Group.objects.all(),
        required=False
    )
    users = DynamicModelMultipleChoiceField(
        label=_('Users'),
        queryset=User.objects.all(),
        required=False
    )

    class Meta:
        model = Owner
        fields = [
            'name', 'group', 'description', 'user_groups', 'users',
        ]
